End of an Era: UNAMI's Departure from Iraq Set for 2025

The UN Security Council has unanimously agreed to withdraw the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI) by the end of 2025, marking a significant turn in Iraq's sovereignty and international relations.

Published June 02, 2024 - 00:06am

6 minutes read
Iraq
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Following a request from Baghdad, the UN Security Council has decided to withdraw the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI) by the end of 2025. This unanimous decision comes after Iraq has been host to the mission for over two decades, since the American-British military intervention and the fall of Saddam Hussein's regime in 2003.

The Iraqi Prime Minister, Mohammed Shia al-Sudani, in a letter to the Security Council at the beginning of May, cited 'positive developments and successes,' stating that the reasons for a political mission's presence in Iraq are no longer valid after significant strides in democratic transition and overcoming various challenges.

The withdrawal represents a historical achievement for Iraq, according to Fadi al-Shamri, the political advisor to the Iraqi Prime Minister, reflecting the country's pursuit of national sovereignty and empowerment within their international relationships. The decision is recognized as a significant step towards a future enriched with developmental and infrastructure progress across multiple sectors.

Statements from international representatives, including the United States and China, supported a planned and responsible transition, stressing the need to organize an effective withdrawal in consultation with the Iraqi government to ensure a smooth transition of responsibilities.

The UNAMI's initial mandate to support the government in comprehensive political dialogue, national reconciliation, electoral organization, and security sector reform was noted as a testament to its efforts over the years. However, with Iraq declaring a stable political and security environment and demonstrating readiness to assume full responsibility for its political future, the time for such missions seems to be drawing to a close.

As UNAMI's role diminishes, the Security Council has called for a strategic review and tasked German diplomat Volker Perthes to oversee the handover of UNAMI's duties to national authorities and other UN entities in Iraq. This request aligns with increasing calls from various countries to cease political or military peacekeeping missions, citing them as interventions in internal affairs.

In light of these developments, Robert Wood, the deputy U.S. ambassador to the UN, acknowledged the significant change in Iraq over recent years, indicating a collective effort to monitor progress as the mission concludes. Iraq now steps into a new stage of self-governance and resilience, hoping to foster a sovereign and independent state. Meanwhile, Russia's deputy ambassador to the UN voiced their country's usual stance against intervention in the internal matters of states, reinforcing international dialogue on the delicate balance between assistance and sovereignty.

The United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI) has reached a defining moment as the United Nations Security Council honors Baghdad's request for the mission's conclusion. The decision marks a pivotal turning point nearly 23 years after UNAMI's installment in the wake of Saddam Hussein's ousting. Baghdad's appeal reflects newfound confidence in Iraq's capability of navigating its political and security landscape autonomously, without the oversight that had once been deemed crucial.

The role of UNAMI, which spanned various aspects of Iraq's governance structure and reconciliation processes, is touted to have left an indelible mark on the nation's progression. The extensive support provided by the mission in matters of election facilitation and dialogue among diverse political entities is seen as instrumental in helping Iraq pave its route towards democracy. Over the years, the mission expanded its vista to include assistance with human rights, judicial, and legal reform, as well as the stabilization of regions reclaimed from ISIL control.

Experts recognize this transition as a testimony to Iraq's growing strength and perpetuity. With the planned withdrawal, the Iraqi government has the opportunity to demonstrate its evolved governance capacity to the international community. Reconstruction and development in regions affected by conflict and an allegiance to fostering an inclusive political corpus are among Baghdad's top priorities in the post-UNAMI phase.

The cessation of the UNAMI mandate is a strategic sequence following similar withdrawals in other nations, as observed with recent peacekeeping trends. Post-mission assessments are crucial in evaluating the outcomes of such significant operations and determining international assistance's effectiveness in bolstering autonomous governing structures.

Future diplomatic engagements with Iraq involve collaborative efforts from various international players. The country is set to reinvigorate its ties with neighboring regions and global powers, seeking investment, trade opportunities, and cooperative agreements that align with its sovereign status. Fosturing these relationships is vital for Iraq's long-term sustainability and integrative role in the international domain.

Education, healthcare, and economic diversification are seen as interactive pivots in Iraq's stride towards a flourishing society. Emphasis on human capital, the promotion of technology and innovation, along with a vigilant approach to environmental sustainability, are likely to define Baghdad's policy agenda in the coming years. The ability to maintain a harmonious social fabric amidst diverse ethnic and religious constituencies will continue to test Iraq's maturity as a rehabilitated nation-state.

As UNAMI winds down, the focus shifts towards ensuring that the residual functions of the mission are adequately transferred. The blueprint for withdrawal is expected to involve meticulous transitioning of operations pertinent to Iraq's requirements, with the UN continuing to provide support in specialized sectors under different configurations or through advisory capacities. It is this delicate and pragmatic unwinding of UN involvement that will exemplify a new era of sovereignty and self-sufficiency for Iraq.

In conclusion, the journey ahead for Iraq, post-UNAMI, is an arduous yet inspiring one, filled with prospects and challenges. With a resilient Iraq emerging on the global stage, the international community remains observant and supportive. The nation, abundant with rich history and culture, now seeks to weave its narrative, one that resonates with peace, progress, and partnership.

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